Cochlear implantation is a method used for the treatment of patients with profound hearing loss. This procedure may the accompanied by some major or minor complications. We evaluated the surgical complications of Cochlear implantation in Fars province (south of Iran). A total of 150 patients with Cochlear implantation were enrolled in the present study. Most of the patients were pre-lingual children and most of our devices were nucleus prosthesis. We had three device failures and four major complications, including one misplaced electrode, one case of meningitis, one case of foreign body reaction to suture and one case with extensive hematoma. These complications were managed successfully by surgical intervention or re-implantation. Facial nerve damage or wound breakdown was not seen. Minor complications including small hematoma, edema, stitch infection and dizziness were found in 15 cases, which were managed medically. In our center, the rate of minor complications was comparable to other centers in the world. But the rate of major surgical complications was lower than other centers.

Patients with chronic renal failure may develop sensorineural hearing loss. Cochlear implantation has rarely done after organ transplantation. Herein, we report on a 33-year-old kidney transplantation recipient who underwent Cochlear implantation for her progressive sensorineural hearing loss in Khalili Hospital Cochlear Implant Center, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The implantation was done successfully with no complications. Cochlear implantation may be an appropriate therapeutic option for sensorineural hearing loss caused by chronic renal failure.

Background: There are few studies demonstrating the different complication rates in children in various age groups. The aim of the current study is to report the complications encountered in various age groups of consecutive children undergoing implantation in our center. | Method: We performed a prospective analysis of all the profoundly deaf children who underwent Cochlear implantation from March 2006 to July 2009 at the “Baqiyatallah Cochlear implantation Center”. All the patients were younger than five years old at the time of implantation. The patients were reviewed for demographic information, type of hearing loss, Cochlear implant device, and complications. The patients were excluded from the study if there was insufficient information.  Result: Major infectious complications (meningitis) were detected in one case (0.4%) (n = 1). A summary of the complications based on the patents’ age is given in Table 1. Minor complications occurred in 49 (18.7%) of the cases. The most common postoperative complications in our cases consisted of otitis media in five cases and wound infection in two (0.8%) cases. Conclusion: In the present study our results designate that infectious complication rate was not significantly different among various age groups. Indeed, Cochlear implantation in children continues to be reliable and safe in experienced hands, with a low percentage of severe complications, as long as the patient is monitored closely, and the family has appropriate expectations. Moreover, pre-operative vaccination against Haemophilus and Pneumococcus, as the most common agents in this group of patients, should be given as part of the general treatment.

Introduction: Literature regarding the different degrees of hearing loss in patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CDLS) reports that half of the affected patients exhibit severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. We present the first pre-school child with CDLS who underwent Cochlear implantation for congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss. Case Report: A 3-year-old boy with CDLS underwent unilateral Cochlear implantation for bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss. He had characteristic facial features, bushy eyebrows and synophrys, limb anomalies, growth and mental retardation. Based on the results of postoperative speech perception and production tests, his gain in language skills and expressive vocabulary was modest. However, a Cochlear implantation had a significant effect on auditory development, in terms of making him aware of sound localization and the different types of environmental sound. Conclusion: Criteria for Cochlear implantation are expanding and now include children with disabilities in addition to deafness, such as those with CDLS. Profoundly hearing-impaired children affected by borderline mental retardation should be considered as potential candidates for Cochlear implantation.